Using LLMs to Extract OCL Specifications from Java and Python Programs:An Empirical Study

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the application of several open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) for abstracting Object Constraint Language (OCL) specifications from source code. We aim to provide researchers and developers with insights into the capabilities and limitations of using different LLMs to abstract OCL specifications from code.<br/>We evaluate a collection of open-source LLMs of comparable size (StarCoder2, LLaMA, CodeLlama, Mistral, and DeepSeek) by prompting them to generate OCL specifications for both Java and Python programs. The results show that both Mistral and DeepSeek outperform other LLMs in abstracting OCL specifications from both languages.