Plastic Pollution and Its Effects on Human Health

Abstract: Plastic pollution has emerged as one of the most significant environmental challenges of the 21st century. Characterized by the excessive production, inadequate disposal, and pervasive spread of plastic materials, this global issue poses profound risks not only to ecosystems but also to human health. This paper explores the pathways through which plastics infiltrate the environment and human systems, examines the impacts of plastic pollution on human health, evaluates current policies and mitigation strategies, and highlights gaps in research and policymaking. The findings indicate that plastic pollution contributes to respiratory, endocrine, reproductive, and developmental health problems. This research emphasizes the urgency of comprehensive mitigation strategies to protect public health and the environment. Keywords: Plastic pollution, Microplastics, Nanoplastics, Human health, Endocrine disruption, Toxic chemicals.