Experimental Isolation of Single Impact, Cumulative Energy, Aging, and Liquid‐Assisted Grinding Effects in Mechanochemical Reactions
Mechanochemical reactivity arises from a complex interplay between single impact energy, cumulative energy input, and secondary effects such as aging or liquid-assisted grinding (LAG). Here, we experimentally isolate these factors across two fundamentally different all-solid reactions-the Finkelstein halogen exchange and the Wittig olefination-using a standardized single-ball mixer mill setup. Systematic variation of milling parameters revealed that both reactions are impact-driven but differ in how mechanical energy translates into chemical conversion. The halogen exchange exhibited pronounced aging, where the transformation continues after mechanical activation, highlighting the contribution of post-impact reactivity. In contrast, the Wittig olefination, free of such secondary effects, showed an almost ideal linear correlation between yield and cumulative energy (E<sub>total</sub>). LAG additives were found to modulate but not replace the impact-driven regime, providing mechanistic insight into the frequently observed sweet spot in LAG-assisted reactions.
Authors
- Johanna Templ (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4353-207X)
- Lars Borchardt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8778-7816)
Institutions
- Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Published
- 2026-01-15
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202523191
- Primary Topic
- Mineral Processing and Grinding
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00