Incorporation of Functional Proteins on Cellular Surfaces via Artificial Cell-Derived Vesicles (ACDVs) for Plasma Membrane Reprogramming

The complexity of cell surface proteins and their undruggable nature remain major challenges for functional modulation strategies such as small-molecule inhibition. Here, we present an artificial cell-derived vesicle (ACDV) approach that enables the direct delivery of functional proteins onto the cell surface, bypassing the need for genetic manipulation. This programmable system converts live cells into dynamic biointerfaces capable of introducing catalytic and signaling regulation, providing a broadly applicable strategy for therapeutic cell surface engineering. These ACDVs thus represent a proof-of-concept platform for the delivery of functional biologics onto plasma membranes.