Study the Metabolic and Hormonal Changes in Obese and Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Overy syndrome: Case-Control Study

Background: Women with PCOS experience pathological symptoms like diabetes and insulin resistance (IR), obesity and being overweight, infertility, and irregular menstruation due to hormonal abnormalities. Objectives: Study the association between metabolic and hormonal changes in PCOS. Materials and methods: Forty-five Iraqi women with newly diagnosed PCOS, aged between 20–40 years, were divided into two groups X Obese Women with PCOS, Y Non-Obese PCOS. The samples were collected from private labs, Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital, and Al-Zahraa Hospital in the Najaf Governorate. Each was tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the subject’s reproductive hormones and by colorimetric methods used to determine (Fasting serum glucose (FSG), triglycerides (TG), (Total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C). Results: Compared to healthy fertile women, PCOS patients had considerably lower levels of SHBG and HDL-C, while PCOS women had significantly higher levels of LH, TC, LH/FSH ratio, LDL-C, TT, FAI, FINS, FSG, TG, and HOMA-IR. Obese women with PCOS had a significantly higher serum level of LH than healthy women, especially in obese PCOS women compared to non-obese women with Pcos Furthermore, PCOS patients in this research had significantly elevated levels (P = 0.0001). The influence of obese and non- obese hormones levels on the biochemical parameters in women patients with PCOS,evaluated by the correlation coefficient. Conclusion: The present study had a beneficial effect on inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers in overweight and obese patients with PCOS, Since hepatic IR is only seen in obese women with PCOS, the combined detrimental impact of obesity and PCOS on insulin action is well known.