Insights of MHD Nanofluid Flow over a Stretched Surface with Stefan Blowing and Variable Fluid Properties

This paper investigates transmissions of heat and mass for hydromagnetic flow of water-based nanofluids having silver (Ag), and aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) as suspended nanofragments, past a linearly stretched permeable surface. Influences of Stefan blowing, fluid viscosity on temperature and nanofragments have been considered for this flow and heat transport problem. One parameter group transformations are employed to find out the similarity transformations to convert the leading governing nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) into self-similar nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). To analyze the impact of several parameters for this specific flow problem, the self-similar equations along with suitable constraints at the boundary wall are numerically solved. Also, boundary layer thickness for various values of magnetic parameter for different nanofragments is numerically calculated and presented in a tabular form. The effects of inclusion of nanofragments as well as the temperature-dependent fluid properties are presented through graphs and explained physically as far as practicable. Our results reveal that, as the magnetic field strength increases, higher values of the temperature and concentration for Ag–water nanofluid compared to Al 2 O 3 –water nanofluid are noted, and opposite trend is observed for the velocity profiles. Also, due to the temperature-dependent fluid viscosity variation parameter, an altering behavior in the velocity profile occurs and is explained physically. The flow boundary layer thickness is decreasing with the increasing value of the magnetic parameter, while the opposite trend is noted in the thermal boundary layer thickness.