A CASE STUDY ON GOODPASTURE SYNDROME

Goodpasture syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by circulating anti–glomerular basement membrane (anti‑GBM) antibodies that cause inflammatory damage to the kidneys and occasionally, the lungs. Because early clinical manifestations are often nonspecific, diagnosis is frequently delayed, resulting in rapid disease progression and irreversible organ damage. We report a case of a 56‑year‑old male who presented with altered sensorium and reduced responsiveness without fever or respiratory symptoms. Laboratory investigations revealed anemia, elevated serum creatinine and blood urea levels, hematuria and proteinuria, suggestive of acute renal involvement. Serological testing confirmed positivity for anti‑GBM antibodies and ultrasonography demonstrated bilateral grade I renal parenchymal disease. The patient’s underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus may have contributed to baseline renal impairment and disease severity. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion and early testing for anti‑GBM antibodies in patients with acute renal dysfunction. Prompt diagnosis and timely initiation of immunosuppressive therapy are essential to prevent disease progression and improve clinical outcomes.