The Diagnostic Value of Image-Based Machine Learning for Osteoporosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ML based on medical imaging demonstrates high diagnosis accuracy for OP, particularly DL models using x-ray and CT modalities. However, this study included only a limited number of original studies using MRI-based ML, and there remains a lack of adequate external validation across studies, which poses interpretative limitations. Future research should aim to develop artificial intelligence tools with broader applicability and enhanced diagnostic precision.