Selective leaf surface defenses: trichomes trap herbivorous leafminers but spare parasitoid wasps

Kidney bean plants exhibit a selective physical trapping mechanism that disproportionately affects herbivorous pests while sparing their parasitoid natural enemies. This species-specific interaction, governed by trichome morphology and insect body structure, provides an example of a plant defense trait that is compatible with biological control. These findings highlight the potential for leveraging natural plant defenses to enhance the selectivity and ecological compatibility of integrated pest management programs. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.