A Primer for Pediatric Plastic Surgeons on Pediatric Head and Neck Malignancies

Pediatric head and neck cancers are rare and complex, but plastic surgeons may play a crucial role in the multidisciplinary and multifaceted workup of a suspected malignancy. These cancers present unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges given the unique anatomy, physiology, and developmental considerations in children compared to their adult counterparts. A comprehensive workup for pediatric head and neck malignancies is essential, starting with taking a thorough history and physical exam, followed by a well-considered and wide differential diagnosis. Appropriate imaging modalities and biopsy techniques are pivotal in obtaining an accurate diagnosis. Tumor and site-specific staging seek to provide essential information for guiding treatment planning. Plastic surgeons, therefore, must be informed and well versed in their evaluation and workup to best optimize patient outcomes.