From ancient remedy to modern COVID-19 adjunct: a narrative review of mechanistic, <i>in vitro</i> , and clinical evidence on propolis

Preclinical and early clinical evidence suggest propolis may be a useful adjunct in COVID-19 therapy. Large, placebo-controlled trials with well characterized and standardized extracts are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.

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Publication Details

Journal
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine
Published
2026-01-16
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2025-0275
Primary Topic
Bee Products Chemical Analysis
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

From ancient remedy to modern COVID-19 adjunct: a narrative review of mechanistic, in vitro , and clinical evidence on propolis

Jonathan E. Brown, Giorgos Tzigkounakis
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine
Bee Products Chemical Analysis
article

From ancient remedy to modern COVID-19 adjunct: a narrative review of mechanistic, in vitro , and clinical evidence on propolis

Jonathan E. Brown, Giorgos Tzigkounakis
article en

Abstract

Preclinical and early clinical evidence suggest propolis may be a useful adjunct in COVID-19 therapy. Large, placebo-controlled trials with well characterized and standardized extracts are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine
University of Surrey (GB), Institute of Child Health (GR)
Openalex Percentile: Top 88%
Bee Products Chemical Analysis
DOISourceOpenAlex
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From ancient remedy to modern COVID-19 adjunct: a narrative review of mechanistic, <i>in vitro</i> , and clinical evidence on propolis — Jonathan E. Brown, Giorgos Tzigkounakis · Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS