Therapeutic potential of diosgenin in hepatocellular carcinoma through molecular mechanisms and nanodelivery strategies

Diosgenin represents a promising multi-targeted agent for liver cancer therapy, especially when combined with advanced drug delivery systems. These diosgenin loaded nanocarriers overcome pharmacokinetic limitations and significantly improve therapeutic outcomes through enhanced tumor targeting and synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic agents. However, successful clinical translation requires addressing key regulatory, ethical, and manufacturing challenges, including standardization of nanocarrier formulations, large-scale reproducibility, and long-term safety evaluation. Overall, diosgenin-based nanocarriers show promising potential for clinical translation, offering safer and more targeted therapeutic options for HCC.