Functional, Cohort-Level Assessment of CFTR Modulator Responses Using Biobanked Nasal Epithelial Cells from Individuals with Cystic Fibrosis

<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Individual responses to CFTR modulators vary widely among people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), underscoring the need for functional approaches that provide biological context alongside genotype-based therapy selection. Nasal epithelial cultures provide an individual-specific model for theratyping, but most studies rely on freshly isolated cells, restricting repeated testing and long-term sample use. In this study, we tested whether CFTR modulator responses measured in biobanked nasal cells were associated with real-world clinical outcomes. <b>Methods</b>: Cryopreserved nasal epithelial cells from 23 pwCF were differentiated at the air-liquid interface and assessed for CFTR modulator-responsive ion transport using Ussing chambers. <i>In vitro</i> responses were correlated with 6-month changes in sweat chloride concentration (SCC), FEV₁, and BMI. <b>Results</b>: Cryopreserved cultures retained donor-specific CFTR modulator responsiveness. Modulator-induced forskolin/IBMX-stimulated currents correlated with changes in SCC (R = -0.512). CFTR inhibitor-sensitive currents correlated with FEV₁ (R = 0.564). Associations between forskolin/IBMX-stimulated currents and FEV₁ were positive but did not reach statistical significance using two-tailed analysis. BMI changes showed no significant association. <b>Conclusions</b>: Biobanked nasal epithelial cultures preserve clinically relevant CFTR modulator responses at the cohort level, supporting their use as functional assays for population-level assessment in cystic fibrosis. This cryopreservation-based strategy enables repeated testing and may expand access to theratyping beyond freshly obtained samples.