The Dual Edge of Tourism in Darjeeling Himalaya: Economic Growth vs Environmental Cost

Darjeeling, nestled in the Eastern Himalayas, is a popular tourist destination in North Bengal, India, known for its beautiful scenery, pleasant climate, and cultural richness. However, the rapid development of the tourism industry is causing serious environmental concerns in this region. This study is an empirical analysis of tourism development in the Darjeeling hills, integrating qualitative and quantitative data to assess its complex impact. The paper explores the major tourist attractions, evaluates their sustainability, and examines the complex relationship between economic benefits and environmental degradation. Findings reveal that while tourism contributes significantly to local income generation and employment, it simultaneously exerts pressure on natural resources, waste management, and fragile ecosystems. The study concludes with recommendations to promote sustainable tourism practices that balance economic development with ecological preservation in Darjeeling.