Implantable Pulse Generator Site Pain Following Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Case-Control Study

Younger age and female sex were significant risk factors for IPGSP. When controlling for age and gender, there was no association between IPGSP and low body mass index, or other demographic, socioeconomic, or medical factors. Our results highlight the interrelationship of factors that may confound retrospective studies of IPGSP. Larger, prospective studies are needed for further investigating the factors of IPGSP and identifying strategies to reduce its incidence.