Effectiveness of the ABC score in predicting 30-day mortality in upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania: a single-center retrospective cohort study

Our study provides the first African validation of the ABC score, confirming a good predictive performance in Tanzanian patients while identifying the need for population-specific cutoff calibration. The ABC score represents a valuable risk stratification tool for both upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding in resource-limited settings.