Parental Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Emergency Management of Dental Trauma in Children: A Cross-Sectional Croatian Study

<i>Aim</i>: Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in children are a common but often underestimated emergency. Parental knowledge and timely response are crucial for successful treatment. This study aimed to evaluate parental knowledge, experiences, and awareness regarding dental trauma management and the use of protective mouthguards. <i>Methods:</i> A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among 333 parents in dental clinics in Split and Zagreb, Croatia. The questionnaire assessed sociodemographic data, parental knowledge of TDIs, and prior experience with dental trauma. Statistical analysis included chi-square test (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <i>Results:</i> The overall level of parental knowledge regarding traumatic dental injuries was generally low (7.6 out of 15 points). Almost all parents correctly identified the age when children have primary or permanent teeth. However, less than half knew that an avulsed primary tooth should not be replanted, while about three-quarters recognized that professional help should be sought within 30 min after trauma. Overall, 43.5% of parents reported that their child had experienced dental trauma, most often affecting primary teeth (60.7%), particularly the maxillary central incisor (76.6%). Mothers demonstrated significantly higher knowledge than fathers (<i>p</i> = 0.025), and prior experience or information about dental trauma significantly improved awareness (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Although 54.3% of respondents were unaware of the purpose of dental shields, 82.3% considered them necessary during contact sports, yet only 12.9% reported that their child actually uses them. <i>Conclusions:</i> Within the limitations of this clinic-based study, the findings indicate gaps in parental knowledge regarding the appropriate management of dental trauma. Strengthening parents' understanding of emergency response and preventive measures may support timelier and appropriate care and contribute to improved outcomes for children experiencing traumatic dental injuries.