Analysis of security threats and information protection measures in computer systems of higher education institutions

The article conducts an analysis of current cyber threats targeting Russia. The tactics, techniques, and consequences of attacks are examined, and key protective measures for safeguarding information systems against external influences are systematized. The study is based on data from the FSB of Russia, Positive Technologies reports, and other authoritative sources. An algorithm for the cyclic update of protective measures in the information systems of higher educational institutions is proposed.