Counterexamples to some duality principles of modular Nahm sums

Given any positive integer <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , Nahm’s problem is to determine all <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r times r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:mo> × </mml:mo> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r\times r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> rational positive definite matrix <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper A"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">A</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -dimensional rational vector <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper B"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">B</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and rational scalar <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper C"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">C</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> such that the rank <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> Nahm sum associated with <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper A comma upper B comma upper C right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(A,B,C)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is modular. Around 2007, Zagier [ <italic>The dilogarithm function</italic> , Frontiers in number theory, physics, and geometry. II, Springer, Berlin, 2007, pp. 3–65] expected that if the rank <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> Nahm sum for <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper A comma upper B comma upper C right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(A,B,C)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is modular, then so is the dual Nahm sum associated with <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper A Superscript negative 1 Baseline comma upper A Superscript negative 1 Baseline upper B comma upper B Superscript normal upper T Baseline upper A Superscript negative 1 Baseline upper B slash 2 minus r slash 24 minus upper C right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">T</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>24</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(A^{-1},A^{-1}B,B^\mathrm {T} A^{-1}B/2-{r}/{24}-C)</mml:annotation>

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
Published
2026-01-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/17624
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Counterexamples to some duality principles of modular Nahm sums

Liuquan Wang
Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
Analytic Number Theory Research
article

Counterexamples to some duality principles of modular Nahm sums

Liuquan Wang
article en

Abstract

Given any positive integer <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , Nahm’s problem is to determine all <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r times r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:mo> × </mml:mo> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r\times r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> rational positive definite matrix <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper A"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">A</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -dimensional rational vector <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper B"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">B</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and rational scalar <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper C"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">C</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> such that the rank <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> Nahm sum associated with <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper A comma upper B comma upper C right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(A,B,C)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is modular. Around 2007, Zagier [ <italic>The dilogarithm function</italic> , Frontiers in number theory, physics, and geometry. II, Springer, Berlin, 2007, pp. 3–65] expected that if the rank <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> Nahm sum for <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper A comma upper B comma upper C right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(A,B,C)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is modular, then so is the dual Nahm sum associated with <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper A Superscript negative 1 Baseline comma upper A Superscript negative 1 Baseline upper B comma upper B Superscript normal upper T Baseline upper A Superscript negative 1 Baseline upper B slash 2 minus r slash 24 minus upper C right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">T</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>24</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(A^{-1},A^{-1}B,B^\mathrm {T} A^{-1}B/2-{r}/{24}-C)</mml:annotation>

Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
Reduced inequalities
Openalex Percentile: Top 84%
Analytic Number Theory Research
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.