Defining the content of interdisciplinary rehabilitation for people with chronic low back pain: An international Delphi study

ObjectiveInterdisciplinary interventions for chronic low back pain are diverse, and there is a need to reach consensus on the content of rehabilitation.DesignA three-round Delphi survey was conducted across international networks, a world physiotherapy specialty group, and the research team. The first round contained a checklist, based on previous research on interdisciplinary rehabilitation for people with chronic low back pain. Participants rated all items, subitems, clarifications, and questions on three content-validity indicators: (a) clarity and comprehensibility, (b) unique value, and (c) alignment with the goal. General questions were asked, together with qualitative feedback and missing items. A sensitivity analysis was conducted in anticipation of a possible overrepresentation of participants from a specific region.SettingClinical practice and research.ParticipantsClinicians or researchers with knowledge and/or experience in the field of chronic low back pain and/or rehabilitation.Main measuresConsensus scores and qualitative feedback.ResultsAfter three rounds, consensus was reached on all subitems. There was an overrepresentation of Belgian participants. The sensitivity analysis, removing Belgian responses, showed no or little differences in consensus scores. Consensus was reached on a comprehensive checklist comprising 11 items essential to rehabilitation for people with chronic low back pain. Additionally, 32 subitems with corresponding questions were identified, ensuring coverage of all aspects of rehabilitation for people with chronic low back pain.ConclusionThis study developed an evidence- and consensus-based checklist for interdisciplinary rehabilitation in people with chronic low back pain. Future work should assess implementation and uptake in research and clinical practice.