Case Report: Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst of imaging features and pathological analysis in a young female

Bronchogenic cysts are cystic lesions arising from the bronchial epithelium. They are very rare in the retroperitoneum. In this report, we present the case of a young woman found to have a cystic mass in the hepatorenal space during a routine health examination. Imaging studies confirmed a cystic lesion, and surgical excision revealed adherence to the lower esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. This retroperitoneal location, along with non-specific imaging features overlapping with other benign masses, poses a significant diagnostic challenge. The imaging appearance of bronchogenic cysts can be variable, complicating clinical diagnosis. We highlight the critical importance of correlating imaging with histopathological examination for accurate diagnosis. Although typically benign, potential complications and the risk of misdiagnosis warrant clinical vigilance. In summary, in this case, we tried to present clinical findings and management. We aimed to provide a foundation for future studies on the epidemiological characteristics of this disease.