The Role of the CALLY Index in 30-Day Mortality Prediction for Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) lacks reliable prognostic biomarkers, and the prognostic performance of the C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index in this population has not been previously evaluated. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of the CALLY index for 30-day mortality in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with AMI. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> This retrospective cohort study included patients aged ≥18 years who presented to the ED with AMI over a 4-year period. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The CALLY index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and CRP-to-lactate ratio were calculated. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of mortality. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess predictive performance. A <i>p</i>-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. <i>Results</i>: A total of 111 patients were included (mean age, 69.2 ± 11.8 years; 52.3% male). The most common comorbidities were hypertension and coronary artery disease (45% each). The 30-day mortality rate was 55.9%. In a univariate analysis, lower CALLY index values were associated with higher mortality (<i>p</i> = 0.011). However, the CALLY index did not remain independently associated with mortality in multivariate logistic regression analysis (<i>p</i> = 0.773). The ROC analysis indicated that the CALLY index had a modest but statistically significant ability to predict 30-day mortality (AUC = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.54-0.74, <i>p</i> = 0.011). At a cut-off value of 0.0015, the CALLY index showed a sensitivity of 55% and a specificity of 77%. <i>Conclusions</i>: The CALLY index had modest predictive value for 30-day mortality in patients with AMI.