Microstructural insights and thermal properties of a sustainable bio-based geopolymer

Sugarcrete, as a sustainable building material, was derived from sugarcane bagasse, incorporating other natural minerals. This study investigated the effects of bagasse particle size, silica fume addition, and curing time on mechanical strength, thermal properties, and durability. Material characterization revealed the formation of calcium silicate hydrate and aluminosilicate phases, which enhance structural integrity. The use of finer bagasse particles and silica fume improved compressive and flexural strength, reduced water absorption, and increased fire resistance and thermal insulation, with optimal formulations achieving compressive strengths of up to 4.5 MPa and 10.49 MPa, more than 130% increase with 15% silica fume. Furthermore, it has low thermal conductivity (0.03-0.04 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹) and high thermal resistivity up to 37 K·m·W⁻¹, indicating excellent insulating properties and highlighting its potential as an eco-friendly insulating material, supporting a circular economy and sustainable construction practices. Therefore, it can serve as a promising eco-friendly material that combines sustainability with performance for modern construction.