Abortion Legalization and Its Impacts On Sexual Practices Among Nigerian Youths: A Case Study of the University of UYO

The legalization of abortion remains a contentious issue globally, with varied implications depending on the socio-cultural and legal context of each country. In Nigeria, where abortion laws are highly restrictive, discussions around the potential legalization of abortion evoke strong reactions. This study explored the multifaceted perspectives of Nigerian youths on abortion legalization and its implication for sexual practices and reproductive health. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires distributed both off and online using Google Form and semi-structured interviews conducted in-person within the University premises. The collected data were analyzed using simple table percentage. The findings revealed that majority of 188 of the respondents (61.3%) expressed concerns about potential negative consequences of legalization, including irresponsible sexual behavior and increased sexually transmitted infection rates, 90 respondents (29.5%) supported legalization in cases of rape, incest, or severe fetal abnormalities. 207 of the respondents (67.9%) argue that legalization could reduce maternal mortality from unsafe abortions. 143 respondents (46.7%) opposed legalization of abortion. 99 of the respondents (32.2%) cited religious beliefs, and 65 (21.1%) of the respondents cited cultural factors. The study also uncovered the challenges in contraceptive use, with 70 (22.9%) of respondents citing various barriers, including lack of knowledge, affordability issues, religious and cultural beliefs, and access barriers. Furthermore, 205 of the respondents (67.1%) believe abortion legalization may encourage unprotected sex, while 148 of the respondents (48.4%) anticipate changes in youths' attitudes towards sexual practices. Despite these concerns, 208 of the respondents (67.9%) believe legalization will decrease unsafe abortions. These findings underscore the complex socio-economic, cultural, and personal factors influencing views on abortion and contraceptive use among Nigerian youths. Addressing these challenges requires comprehensive sex education, improved access to contraceptives, and efforts to mitigate societal stigma and misinformation surrounding contraceptives.