Cardiorespiratory fitness does not predict longitudinal changes in manual dexterity, cognition or corticospinal excitability in multiple sclerosis

CRF did not predict longitudinal changes in manual dexterity, cognition or corticospinal excitability in individuals living with multiple sclerosis. Instead, initial performance was the primary determinant of follow-up outcomes, suggesting that achieving better function at baseline (earlier in the disease) is an important rehabilitation target. Variability in longitudinal change underscores the heterogeneous nature of disease progression/improvement and the need for specific, targeted interventions and personalized strategies to disease management.