The Global Macroeconomic Burden of Spinal Cord Injury: A Dynamic Modeling Study from 2020 to 2050

SCI imposes a substantial and uneven macroeconomic burden, with profound implications for national productivity and fiscal resilience. Economic consequences are shaped not only by disease prevalence but also by institutional capacity and health system responsiveness. Investments in SCI prevention, rehabilitation, and social protection are urgently needed, particularly in LMICs, to mitigate long-term economic burden. Our findings offer empirical evidence to inform global health financing and disability policy.