Circular agroforestry as a basis for transformation of agroecosystems of Krasnodar Region

The article substantiates the concept of circular agroforestry as a practical tool for designing sustainable agroecosystems based on the principles of closed cycles of matter and energy. The aim of the study was a comprehensive assessment of the potential for implementing this model in the agroecosystems of the Krasnodar Region and the development of a scientifically based scheme for transforming traditional agricultural systems. The research methodology included a systematic analysis of scientific sources, regulatory frameworks and statistical data, as well as a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various land use systems. Based on a detailed analysis of the natural, climatic, environmental and socio-economic conditions of the region, a differentiated system of circular agroforestry solutions for the key natural zones of the Krasnodar Region was developed. The results of the study demonstrate that circular agroforestry, unlike traditional methods, provides a synergistic effect due to its multifunctionality, increased resilience to climatic stresses and self-regulating capacity. A step-by-step transition scheme has been proposed, including an analysis of current conditions, planning, practical implementation of pilot projects and subsequent scaling. For each zone (Black Sea coast, foothills, lowland areas, Priazovye and urbanized territories), specific solutions have been developed aimed at soil regeneration, waste minimization, rational water use and the integration of renewable energy sources. It is concluded that the introduction of circular agroforestry is a strategically important direction for the transformation of the agro-industrial complex of the Krasnodar Region towards resource efficiency, environmental stability and socio-economic sustainability. The successful implementation of this model requires the development of an adequate regulatory framework, economic incentives and the consolidation of efforts by the state, businesses and local communities.