OPTIMIZATION OF WINTER WHEAT NUTRITION IN THE ARID ZONE OF STAVROPOL TERRITORY

The study was conducted from 2022 to 2024 at the private farmstead of K.V. Marchenko, located in the Sovetsky urban district of Stavropol Krai. The Alekseich and Ksenia winter wheat varieties were selected as the object of study. New forms of agrochemicals were also investigated. During the study years, winter wheat served as the precursor for winter wheat. Mineral fertilizers were used as the subject of the study. The field experiment involved studying modern agrochemicals: Potassium Humate "Souffleur" and Polydon Bio Profi. The experiment was two-factorial. Factor A included agrochemicals, and factor B included varieties. Ammophos and ammonium nitrate were used as mineral fertilizers. The experiment was a production experiment, with an area of 5.0 hectares and three replicates. In the study of the Ksenia winter wheat variety, the highest yields were recorded with the use of the fertilizer complex Fon + Polydon Bio Profi. Compared with the control group, these fertilizers contributed to an increase in plant height by 14 cm, spike length by 0.5 cm, the number of stems per 1 m2 by 34 pcs and 1000-grain weight by 3.2 g. A similar trend was observed for the Alekseich variety, where the use of fon + Polidon Bio Profi led to an increase in plant height by 15 cm, spike length by 1.1 cm, the number of stems per 1 m2 by 97 pcs, 1000-grain weight by 2.5 g and grain weight per spike by 0.01 g. The use of agrochemicals had a positive effect on the yield of winter wheat, regardless of the studied variety. Compared with the control variant, the yield increased by 0.20 t/ha in the variant with a dose of fon + Potassium Humate, and by 0.30 t/ha in the variant with a dose of fon + Polidon Bio Profi. The maximum yield was observed in the variant with the dose of background + Polydon Bio Profi, which significantly increased the yield of the crop in comparison with the control variant, but in relation to the second studied dose, no reliable increase in the yield of winter wheat was found.