Periodontitis is associated with altered salivary anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody patterns in vaccinated individuals

Periodontitis was associated with higher salivary anti-spike IgG binding levels, which also showed a strong positive correlation with periodontal bleeding. In contrast, IgA and sIgA binding levels did not differ across periodontal groups. The coordinated relationship between IgG and IgA observed in healthy individuals was disrupted in severe periodontitis. These findings demonstrate distinct alterations in salivary antibody patterns associated with periodontal disease severity following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.