ChatGPT in liver transplantation: Current applications, limitations, and future directions

Liver transplantation (LT) remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease. Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers, including organ allocation, donor-recipient matching, and patient education, persist. With the growing progress of artificial intelligence, particularly large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, new applications have emerged in the field of LT. Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application, from clinical settings to research and education. ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals, by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work, but also LT recipients by providing accurate information. Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork. Additionally, the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability. Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications, there are certain ethical and practical limitations. Key concerns include patient data privacy, information accuracy, misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework. Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT. The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT, highlighting both opportunities and limitations, while also providing future possible applications.