CAPOS: The bulge Cluster APOgee Survey

Context . This study presents detailed elemental abundances in the intermediate-metallicity bulge globular cluster Djorg 2 based on high-resolution near-infrared spectra of six (R ~ 22 500) members obtained through the bulge Cluster APOgee Survey (CAPOS). CAPOS is focused on the study of clusters within the Galactic bulge and uses the APOGEE-2S as part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). Aims . This study was undertaken to chemically explore this poorly studied cluster and to analyze it for the first time using the code BACCHUS, with the main objective of deriving the mean chemical abundances for a number of species and investigating the occurrence of multiple populations. Methods . We employed BACCHUS to provide the line-by-line elemental abundances of a variety of species, including α -elements (O, Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti), light elements (C and N), the odd-Z element Al, the s-process element (Ce), and iron-peak elements (Fe and Ni). Results . We found an average metallicity of [Fe/H] = –1.04 ± 0.06, without an indication of an intrinsic spread. The mean values for the other elements and their standard deviations are [C/Fe] = –0.35 ± 0.18, [N/Fe] = 0.38 ± 0.40, [O/Fe] = 0.22 ± 0.18, [Mg/Fe] = 0.38 ± 0.05, [Al/Fe] = 0.32 ±0.15, [Ca/Fe] = 0.21 ± 0.10, [Si/Fe] = 0.38 ± 0.05, [Ce/Fe] = +0.00 ± 0.06, [Ti/Fe] = +0.12 ± 0.08 and [Ni/Fe] = +0.09 ± 0.06. Conclusions . The typical α-element enrichment in Djorg2 follows the trend of other metal-rich globular clusters. We found evidence for intrinsic spreads in C, N and O, which furthermore show the C:N and N:O anticorrelations that are typical of globular clusters. Ce shows no intrinsic variation, and in particular no correlation with N or Al. We found that Djorg 2 moves in a very elongated and flat orbit, that always remains inside the bulge and does not move far away in altitude above the Galactic plane. Moreover, it moves in a retrograde direction (backward to the rotation of the galaxy) and is not trapped by the galactic bar.

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Journal
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2026-01-13
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555637
Primary Topic
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Type
article
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article

CAPOS: The bulge Cluster APOgee Survey

César Muñoz, Macarena Uribe, Sandro Villanova, Franco Sepúlveda-López et al.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
article

CAPOS: The bulge Cluster APOgee Survey

César Muñoz, Macarena Uribe, Sandro Villanova, Franco Sepúlveda-López, Doug Geisler, Nicolás Barrera, Thaiz Pino-Zúñiga
article en

Abstract

Context . This study presents detailed elemental abundances in the intermediate-metallicity bulge globular cluster Djorg 2 based on high-resolution near-infrared spectra of six (R ~ 22 500) members obtained through the bulge Cluster APOgee Survey (CAPOS). CAPOS is focused on the study of clusters within the Galactic bulge and uses the APOGEE-2S as part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). Aims . This study was undertaken to chemically explore this poorly studied cluster and to analyze it for the first time using the code BACCHUS, with the main objective of deriving the mean chemical abundances for a number of species and investigating the occurrence of multiple populations. Methods . We employed BACCHUS to provide the line-by-line elemental abundances of a variety of species, including α -elements (O, Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti), light elements (C and N), the odd-Z element Al, the s-process element (Ce), and iron-peak elements (Fe and Ni). Results . We found an average metallicity of [Fe/H] = –1.04 ± 0.06, without an indication of an intrinsic spread. The mean values for the other elements and their standard deviations are [C/Fe] = –0.35 ± 0.18, [N/Fe] = 0.38 ± 0.40, [O/Fe] = 0.22 ± 0.18, [Mg/Fe] = 0.38 ± 0.05, [Al/Fe] = 0.32 ±0.15, [Ca/Fe] = 0.21 ± 0.10, [Si/Fe] = 0.38 ± 0.05, [Ce/Fe] = +0.00 ± 0.06, [Ti/Fe] = +0.12 ± 0.08 and [Ni/Fe] = +0.09 ± 0.06. Conclusions . The typical α-element enrichment in Djorg2 follows the trend of other metal-rich globular clusters. We found evidence for intrinsic spreads in C, N and O, which furthermore show the C:N and N:O anticorrelations that are typical of globular clusters. Ce shows no intrinsic variation, and in particular no correlation with N or Al. We found that Djorg 2 moves in a very elongated and flat orbit, that always remains inside the bulge and does not move far away in altitude above the Galactic plane. Moreover, it moves in a retrograde direction (backward to the rotation of the galaxy) and is not trapped by the galactic bar.

Astronomy and AstrophysicsVol. 707
University of Concepción (CL), Universidad Católica del Norte (CL), Instituto de Geofísica y Astronomía (CU), University of La Serena (CL)
Openalex Percentile: Top 87%
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
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