Three new compounds from wine-processed <i>Polygonatum cyrtonema</i> Hua

Three new compounds, pyrrole alkaloid with bulky <i>N</i>-alkylside chains (<b>1</b>), one trimer-polymers of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (<b>2</b>), and (2<i>S</i>,5<i>S</i>,6<i>R</i>)-pollenfuran A (<b>3</b>), were obtained from the wine-processed <i>P. cyrtonema</i> Hua. Structural characterisation was accomplished through extensive spectroscopic analysis (1D/2D NMR, and HR-MS), along with quantum chemical computations of NMR parameters (DP4⁺) and electronic circular dichroism simulations. Immunological evaluation in RAW264.7 macrophage cells demonstrated that compound <b>2</b> exhibited significant enhancement of cellular phagocytosis along with increased production of IL-6, TNF-α, and nitric oxide.