RESEARCH OF DIRECTIONS OF USE OF THE TERRITORY USING METHODS OF LANDSCAPE PLANNING ON THE EXAMPLE OF LENA ULUS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)

The article discusses the application of landscape design methods and the establishment of directions for the use of the territory in relation to the territory of the Lena ulus (district) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Currently, the issue of integrating the landscape approach in modern land management is relevant, especially in relation to regions with vulnerable and unique ecosystems subject to intense anthropogenic impact, which includes the studied area. The object of the study is the territory of Lena ulus, located in the south-west of Yakutia. Natural conditions are characterized by extreme climatic conditions: a sharply continental climate, widespread permafrost, as well as the presence of a large waterway - the Lena River and its tributaries. The combination of active industrial development (diamond mining, logging), agricultural development and the growth of human settlements creates a significant burden on natural complexes, which necessitates the use of scientifically sound methods of landscape design to ensure environmental safety, sustainable development of the territory and the preservation of its natural potential. The analysis of the ecological state of landscapes is carried out on the basis of a set of methods: landscape and ecological mapping, field research, remote sensing of the Earth (remote sensing). The assessment of landscape stability in the study is based on an assessment of the ecological state of soils. A generalized SWOT analysis of the landscape system is presented, the ecological framework of the territory is developed, the territory is zoned according to the directions of use. As a result, two areas of use of the territory have been identified on the territory of the Lena Ulus of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): "conservation" and "improvement". Based on the analysis of the landscape system, measures are proposed to improve agricultural land. The implementation of the principles of landscape design will help preserve and create a comfortable and safe environment for the population.