Efficacy, safety, and costs of nine Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of angina pectoris in CHD

Specific CPMs, notably Dengzhan Shengmai Capsule (maximal efficacy), Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (balanced value), and Yangxinshi Tablet (cost-minimization), demonstrate significant therapeutic and economic advantages as add-on therapies. Beyond these clinical findings, this study establishes a multidimensional framework aligned with international regulatory standards, serving as a model for the future pharmacoeconomic integration of TCM into global cardiovascular care.