A performance evaluation of raw and detoxified fruit kernels on biological evaluation and liver biomarkers in the rats

Abstract Background : Large amounts of by-products are produced during the preparation of fruits. Nevertheless, these by-products are still abundant in bioactive components with important chemical, physical, and biological qualities. Methods : This current study aimed to evaluate the impact of the detoxification process of Egyptian peach, mango, and apricot fruit kernels on antinutritional components, biological evaluation and liver biomarkers in Albino male rats. Results : According to the findings, the detoxification process led to a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the antinutritional components (41.77–78.78%) (oxalates, total phenols, phytic acid, and tannins), along with completely destruction (100% reduction) of hydrocyanic acid (HCN). Rats fed detoxified kernel flour showed significantly higher weight gain (59–69 g), feed intake (76.58–83.70 g), and feed efficiency ratio (0.77–0.82) compared to those fed raw kernel flour (41–49 g), (63.82–71.92 g), and (0.64–0.68), respectively. The liver enzymes activity showed the rats fed raw kernel flour exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels of ASAT (97.49, 87.32, and 75.42%), ALAT (118.81, 92.90, and 102.12%), and ALP (42.29, 51.07, and 40.34%). Meanwhile, rat groups fed detoxified kernel flour had a significant (p < 0.05) increased levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin. Conclusions : Generally, it can be demonstrated that the detoxification of peach, mango, and apricot kernel flour can improve the biological value of the kernel flour-supplemented diet without adverse effects on liver enzyme activity. Therefore, detoxified kernel flour could enhance high-value food products with a cost-effective and high-quality source of oil and protein.