A Proposed Cryptographic Algorithm Based on Three-Pass Protocol and the Elliptic Curve Cryptography

The internet lately has become an integral part of people’s lifestyles. It impacts various aspects of their daily lives, including education, communication, etc. Hence, the need for efficient and fast cryptography algorithms has increased. In this paper, a new cryptographic algorithm is proposed using the authenticated Three-Pass Protocol (TPP) and the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). In the proposed algorithm, the ECC is used to encrypt and decrypt data (a text of size 128 bits), and the TPP is used for transmitting this data without sharing the keys. In the standard ECC, the receiver publishes the elliptic curve (EC) equation, the initial point, and the public key, while the only published information in the proposed algorithm is the EC equation. Moreover, in the standard ECC two ciphertexts are sent, while only one ciphertext is sent in the proposed algorithm in each pass, which reduces the transmitting time in the proposed algorithm. Also, the proposed algorithm is proved mathematically by presenting a new proposition with the proof. The NIST tests, such as approximate entropy, block frequency, etc., along with the entropy and histogram tests, are implemented on the cryptographic algorithm (encryption algorithm) to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The used key in the proposed algorithm is greater than or equal to 128 bit for the algorithm to be efficient against the attacks. The security analysis shows that the proposed algorithm is secure against several common attack algorithms. Thus, the proposed algorithm is secure, fast, and efficient in transmitting data.