The first reported coexistence of hepatopulmonary fusion and surgically palliated hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Hepatopulmonary fusion is a rare defect describing the physical connection of liver and lung. A neonate with hypoplastic left heart syndrome arrived at the hospital with concern for congenital diaphragmatic hernia, later found to have hepatopulmonary fusion. In the coming months, he underwent a series of operations, including ligation of the hepatopulmonary fusion and the first two stages of surgical palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. He ultimately died of septic shock at 15 months of age.