The association between smoking and clinical outcomes among spondylodesis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
In most instances, smokers appeared to experience worse outcomes following instrumented spinal procedures compared to non-smokers, and a hierarchical pattern was notable, with current smokers experiencing the worst outcomes, followed by former smokers compared to never-smokers. Future well-designed studies with proper adjustment for confounding are needed to further confirm these findings.
Authors
- Anna B. Veldman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-4729)
- Chady Omara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5486-8628)
- Carmen Vleggeert‐Lankamp (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9597-7225)
- Emily L. Wang
- Sulaiman Sajed (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1737-2429)
- Rania A. Mekary
- Namita Kaler
- John Kilgallon
- Mahnoor Shafi
Institutions
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (US)
- Johns Hopkins Medicine (US)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- Spaarne Ziekenhuis (NL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- PLoS ONE
- Published
- 2026-01-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0337799
- Primary Topic
- Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00