Radiomics in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (PNETs): Current Evidence, Reproducibility Gaps, and Research Directions

Radiomics is a growing field for diagnosis, prognostication, and therapeutic decision-making in numerous solid tumors. Despite current promising findings in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs), significant limitations persist, including small cohorts, heterogeneous imaging protocols, and lack of external validation. This review elucidates the radiomics workflow, critically synthesizes the current evidence specifically surrounding the use of radiomics in PNETs, explicitly identifies methodological and reproducibility gaps, and outlines pragmatic research directions to bridge current drawbacks.