Factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders among Thai rice farmers in Roi-Et

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a significant occupational health concern among rice farmers. This cross-sectional study investigated the association among farming postures, health risk factors, and MSDs among rice farmers in Roi-Et Province, Thailand. This study involved 157 rice farmers from the Phanomphrai subdistrict. Data were collected through questionnaires covering demographics, health status, agricultural practices, ergonomic knowledge, and behaviors affecting MSDs. The Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) was used to evaluate working postures. Statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis, was conducted using IBM SPSS software version 29. Most participants (65.6%) demonstrated high ergonomic knowledge, while their behaviors related to MSDs were moderate. REBA scores indicated moderate risk levels in 46.5% of the participants. The prevalence of MSDs in at least one body part was notably high, reaching 96.2% for 12-month prevalence and 90.4% for current symptoms. Significant factors associated with MSDs included cultivated area size (β = -0.079, p < 0.05), ergonomic knowledge (β = -2.173 to -1.893, p < 0.05), and REBA scores (β = 6.009, p < 0.05). Repetitive motion (aOR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.05–3.43), awkward posture (aOR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.01–3.77), and forceful exertion (aOR = 2.78; 95% CI = 1.54–5.02) were associated with increased odds of MSDs. The findings highlight the significant associations of ergonomic knowledge, working behaviors, and postures on MSDs among Thai rice farmers. Recommendations include implementing ergonomic training programs and governmental support for appropriate farming equipment to reduce MSD risk among rice farmers.