The multi-objective optimization of residential building glass in summer-hot and winter-cold regions using genetic algorithms: energy consumption, carbon emissions, and health performance analysis

By comprehensively considering energy efficiency, carbon emissions, and indoor health performance, this study proposes an optimized glazing configuration for residential buildings in summer-hot and winter-cold regions. The results suggest prioritizing south-facing windows in building design, while adjusting glass parameters for other orientations according to specific conditions. This work provides practical technical support and optimization strategies for the development of low-carbon buildings and healthy cities.