Wound Healing and Antibacterial Activities of Nanodiamonds: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation Studies

Nanodiamonds (NDs) exhibit various medical potentials making them promising material for biomedical applications. The aim of present work was to synthesize NDs using Hummers’ method. The synthesized NDs were investigated for their structure and morphology using Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum (FTIR), Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis spectroscopy), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The antibacterial effect of NDs was measured using agar well diffusion method against varying clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). In that assay, the tested bacterial isolates were incubated for 24 h at 37°C with different concentrations of NDs (62.5, 125, 250 µg/mL). The test results indicated high sensitivity of the clinically isolated strain, S. aureus, to the NDs concentration of 250 µg/mL. In addition, The NDs preparation was used to treat S. aureus-infected wounds for continuous 15 days using two daily doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg in the mouse model. The wounds were measured for size, contraction, and healing time. The results indicated marked wound healing and reduced sizes of wounds in the treated animals compared to the control animal group. The study findings raise the possibility of use the prepared NDs formulation for the management of infected wounds.