Red micro-LEDs on glass substrates for ultrahigh-luminance (>105 nits) transparent displays

AlGaInP-based red micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) with lateral dimensions of 28 × 52 µm2 were fabricated on transparent glass substrates via solder bonding for high-performance transparent displays. The fabricated devices exhibited excellent spectral stability, featuring a record-low wavelength redshift coefficient of less than 0.126 nm/K. Notably, the glass-substrate-integrated micro-LED arrays achieved an optical transmittance of 52.6% alongside a record-high luminance of 1.5 × 105 nits, underscoring their great potential for practical transparent display applications.