Resilience of nutmeg farming families in Fakfak District, West Papua: The impact of vulnerability, economic pressure, and social participation

Nutmeg farming plays a crucial role in supporting the economic resilience of families in Fakfak Regency, West Papua Province. This study examines the effects of economic resilience, social resilience, vulnerability, and social participation on the psychological resilience of nutmeg farmers' families. Additionally, it explores variations in these factors based on poverty status (poor vs. non-poor) and family savings capacity. A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 160 participants selected through disproportional stratified random sampling from nutmeg-producing areas. Primary data were collected via structured interviews and direct surveys conducted in August 2022. Findings indicate that non-poor nutmeg farming families exhibit higher psychological resilience, social participation, and cohesion, along with lower economic pressure. Families with savings sufficient for six months demonstrate higher social resilience and lower economic pressure. Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) analysis confirms that psychological resilience is positively influenced by economic resilience, social resilience, and social participation, while family vulnerability has a negative impact. These findings highlight key areas for policy development and strategic interventions to improve the well-being of nutmeg farming families, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).