Subsequent primary and secondary neoplasms in childhood cancer survivors

Due to risk of SMNs, life-long cancer screening is required for childhood cancer survivors. In CPS, this risk is multiplied, as it results from both genetic factors and previous treatment; in these patients, multiple primary cancers must be taken into account. When assessing imaging studies of patients with a history of malignancy, clinicians should consider not only recurrence and metastases but also the possibility of a new malignancy of a different histopathological nature.