Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a retrospective analysis of 21 cases

ICI-related SJS/TEN, though rare, represents a serious immune-related adverse event that requires prompt recognition and early immunosuppressive therapy. Increased awareness and further studies are needed to clarify its mechanisms and guide management. Based on our findings, we recommend heightened vigilance for early mucocutaneous symptoms in patients receiving ICIs, prompt dermatology referral for suspected cases, and establishment of standardized reporting pathways to national pharmacovigilance systems to ensure rapid identification and pooled analysis of ICI-related SJS/TEN cases.