Silencing of lncRNA HOTAIR Using Eyedrops as a Potential Treatment for Diabetes-Associated Retinal Dysregulation and Dysfunction

GalNAc-modified siHOTAIR thus represents a potential therapeutic strategy that not only inhibits VEGF but also targets other pathogenic mediators regulated by HOTAIR, potentially offering broader efficacy than anti-VEGF monotherapy. Furthermore, it achieves this via noninvasive, topical delivery, circumventing the need for intravitreal injections required by current treatments. Thus, with further development, GalNAc-modified siHOTAIR may become an overall better approach to treating DR.