Comparative safety profiles of baricitinib and tofacitinib in the treatment of adult alopecia areata: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FAERS database

Baricitinib and tofacitinib exhibit distinct post-marketing safety signal patterns when used in adult AA, likely influenced by their different regulatory indications and real-world utilization contexts. These pharmacovigilance results should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating and may help guide clinical vigilance and future analytical studies. Prospective research with controlled exposure data is needed to validate the safety signals identified in FAERS.