Between competences and fear of failure: empirical evidence on the profile of the nascent entrepreneur

Purpose This study aims to investigate the individual-level determinants of nascent entrepreneurship, focusing on cognitive and emotional variables grounded in the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Design/methodology/approach Using survey data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and a binary logistic regression model, the analysis explores how perceived entrepreneurial skills, opportunity recognition, fear of failure and educational level influence the likelihood of engaging in early-stage entrepreneurial activity. Findings The results show that self-perceived competence and opportunity perception significantly increase the probability of entrepreneurial entry, while fear of failure acts as a strong psychological barrier. Educational attainment has a non-linear effect, with moderate levels showing no statistical difference. Practical implications These findings confirm the central role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and cognitive appraisal in shaping behaviour, offering empirical support for TPB-based models. The study contributes to the theoretical refinement of intention-action frameworks and highlights practical implications for entrepreneurship education and policy. Originality/value In this study, new and innovative constructs were inserted in the model of individual-level determinants of nascent entrepreneurship. This study suggests that entrepreneurship education and training programmes should prioritise the development of perceived competence and emotional resilience. Interventions that focus on experiential learning, mentorship and opportunity recognition can foster the skills and mindset associated with entrepreneurial action.