PERSONAL EXHAUST VENTILATION SYSTEMS FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASE HOSPITALS

The object of this research is personal exhaust ventilation systems used in infectious disease departments of medical institutions to protect healthcare workers from airborne and aerosol-transmitted infections. The relevance of the work is determined by the increased risk of infection for medical staff during aerosol-generating procedures. The research methodology involves a systematic theoretical analysis of existing designs of protective aerosol containment devices and personal exhaust systems. The search and selection of publications were conducted in international databases using keywords related to personal exhaust ventilation and aerosol boxes. The main scientific results are presented as a classification of personal exhaust systems into four types: 1) aerosol boxes for procedures, 2) open-type suction panels and panels with activated suction, 3) compact suction nozzles, and 4) open and closed-type canopies for long-term use. For each type, the design features, aerosol capture efficiency, air flow rate, ergonomics, and clinical application were analyzed. It was found that aerosol containment devices with forced ventilation demonstrate an efficiency of up to 99% and are most suitable for short-term procedures, while adjustable canopies provide the best balance between protection and patient comfort during long-term therapy. A deficit of regulatory requirements for air exchange rates for such systems was identified. Personal exhaust ventilation is an effective tool for reducing nosocomial infections transmitted via aerosols and airborne routes.